diff --git a/include/utils.h b/include/utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..986eafb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+   Utility helper functions.
+
+   Copyright (C) 2023 by zhenwei pi <pizhenwei@bytedance.com>
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+#ifndef __iscsi_utils_h__
+#define __iscsi_utils_h__
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct iscsi_value_string {
+   int value;
+   const char *string;
+};
+
+const char *iscsi_value_string_find(struct iscsi_value_string *values, int value, const char *not_found);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __iscsi_utils_h__ */
diff --git a/lib/Makefile.am b/lib/Makefile.am
index 29f5dfd..b81fd3d 100644
--- a/lib/Makefile.am
+++ b/lib/Makefile.am
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ libiscsipriv_la_SOURCES = \
 	connect.c crc32c.c discovery.c init.c \
 	login.c nop.c pdu.c iscsi-command.c \
 	scsi-lowlevel.c socket.c sync.c task_mgmt.c \
-	logging.c
+	logging.c utils.c
 
 if TARGET_OS_IS_WIN32
 libiscsipriv_la_SOURCES += ../win32/win32_compat.c
diff --git a/lib/scsi-lowlevel.c b/lib/scsi-lowlevel.c
index 1e2a7af..1b49853 100644
--- a/lib/scsi-lowlevel.c
+++ b/lib/scsi-lowlevel.c
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include "slist.h"
 #include "scsi-lowlevel.h"
+#include "utils.h"
 
 void scsi_task_set_iov_out(struct scsi_task *task, struct scsi_iovec *iov, int niov);
 
@@ -116,26 +117,10 @@ scsi_malloc(struct scsi_task *task, size_t size)
 	return &mem->buf[0];
 }
 
-struct value_string {
-   int value;
-   const char *string;
-};
-
-static const char *
-value_string_find(struct value_string *values, int value)
-{
-	for (; values->string; values++) {
-		if (value == values->value) {
-			return values->string;
-		}
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
 const char *
 scsi_sense_key_str(int key)
 {
-	static struct value_string keys[] = {
+	static struct iscsi_value_string keys[] = {
 		{SCSI_SENSE_NO_SENSE,
 		 "NO SENSE"},
 		{SCSI_SENSE_RECOVERED_ERROR,
@@ -167,13 +152,13 @@ scsi_sense_key_str(int key)
 	       {0, NULL}
 	};
 
-	return value_string_find(keys, key);
+	return iscsi_value_string_find(keys, key, "UNKNOWN");
 }
 
 const char *
 scsi_sense_ascq_str(int ascq)
 {
-	static struct value_string ascqs[] = {
+	static struct iscsi_value_string ascqs[] = {
 		{SCSI_SENSE_ASCQ_SANITIZE_IN_PROGRESS,
 		 "SANITIZE_IN_PROGRESS"},
 		{SCSI_SENSE_ASCQ_WRITE_AFTER_SANITIZE_REQUIRED,
@@ -239,13 +224,13 @@ scsi_sense_ascq_str(int ascq)
 	       {0, NULL}
 	};
 
-	return value_string_find(ascqs, ascq);
+	return iscsi_value_string_find(ascqs, ascq, "UNKNOWN");
 }
 
 const char *
 scsi_pr_type_str(enum scsi_persistent_out_type pr_type)
 {
-	static struct value_string pr_type_strings[] = {
+	static struct iscsi_value_string pr_type_strings[] = {
 		{SCSI_PERSISTENT_RESERVE_TYPE_WRITE_EXCLUSIVE,
 		 "Write Exclusive"},
 		{SCSI_PERSISTENT_RESERVE_TYPE_EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS,
@@ -261,13 +246,13 @@ scsi_pr_type_str(enum scsi_persistent_out_type pr_type)
 		{0, NULL}
 	};
 
-	return value_string_find(pr_type_strings, pr_type);
+	return iscsi_value_string_find(pr_type_strings, pr_type, "UNKNOWN");
 }
 
 const char *
 scsi_opcode_str(int opcode)
 {
-	static struct value_string opcode_strings[] = {
+	static struct iscsi_value_string opcode_strings[] = {
 		{SCSI_OPCODE_TESTUNITREADY,
 		 "TESTUNITREADY"},
 		{SCSI_OPCODE_READ6,
@@ -361,7 +346,7 @@ scsi_opcode_str(int opcode)
 		{0, NULL}
 	};
 
-	return value_string_find(opcode_strings, opcode);
+	return iscsi_value_string_find(opcode_strings, opcode, "UNKNOWN");
 }
 
 uint64_t
diff --git a/lib/utils.c b/lib/utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64c625e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+   Utility helper functions.
+
+   Copyright (C) 2023 by zhenwei pi <pizhenwei@bytedance.com>
+
+   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+   along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include "config.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "utils.h"
+
+const char *iscsi_value_string_find(struct iscsi_value_string *values,
+                                    int value, const char *not_found)
+{
+	for ( ; values->string; values++) {
+		if (value == values->value) {
+			return values->string;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return not_found;
+}